Nitrogenous base
A nitrogen-containing molecule having the chemical properties of a base. DNA contains the nitrogenous bases adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T).
See also: DNA
A gel-based laboratory procedure that locates mRNA sequences on a gel that are complementary to a piece of DNA used as a probe.
See also: DNA, library
A laboratory procedure in which a cell's nucleus is removed and placed into an oocyte with its own nucleus removed so the genetic information from the donor nucleus controls the resulting cell. Such cells can be induced to form embryos. This process was used to create the cloned sheep "Dolly".
See also: cloning
A large molecule composed of nucleotide subunits.
See also: DNA
A part of the chromosome containing rRNA genes.
A subunit of DNA or RNA consisting of a nitrogenous base (adenine, guanine, thymine, or cytosine in DNA; adenine, guanine, uracil, or cytosine in RNA), a phosphate molecule, and a sugar molecule (deoxyribose in DNA and ribose in RNA). Thousands of nucleotides are linked to form a DNA or RNA molecule.
See also: DNA, base pair, RNA
The cellular organelle in eukaryotes that contains most of the genetic material.
See: oligonucleotide
A phenotypic trait produced by two or more genes working together.
See also: polygenic disorder
A molecule usually composed of 25 or fewer nucleotides; used as a DNA synthesis primer.
See also: nucleotide
A gene, one or more forms of which is associated with cancer. Many oncogenes are involved, directly or indirectly, in controlling the rate of cell growth.
The sequence of DNA or RNA located between the start-code sequence (initiation codon) and the stop-code sequence (termination codon).
A set of genes transcribed under the control of an operator gene.
See: genomic library
